In a life filled with risk, it pays to play it safe sometimes - as the smart ones have learned when investing in corporate bonds.
What are corporate bonds? They are the money raised by corporations over and above the sales, services, loans from banks and stocks. In essence, a bond is a loan by the investor to the company. Unfortunately, not too many investors have taken the time and the effort to understand this instrument.
A bond is a loan to a company and like loans, there is a date when the loan has to be paid back and a rate of interest that has to be paid on that loan in the meantime. Bonds are usually with companies for 10 years, after which they reach their maturity date.
While they are relatively safe, bonds too have certain risk factors, which can be broadly classified under the terms Credit Risk, Interest Risk and Maturity Risk.
Credit Risk refers to the chance that the company may default on the loan. Interest Risk refers to the chance that interest rates may move against you during the term of the bond.
Maturity Risk - there are some bonds that can be redeemed before they mature. These are referred to as ‘callable'. The corporation can pay for the bond you hold with cash, or issue new bonds against it, or maybe even a take out a bank loan. This means that if you have been used to getting a high rate of interest, this might suddenly stop if the company redeems the bond.
Let's now look at the advantages. If you are cautious and invest in high yield bonds that are healthy and not junk bonds, you can stand to gain a lot. You also have convertible bonds - you can buy bonds that convert into stock directly from the company rather than from the market. This means you can take advantage of the company's price appreciation while enjoying the safety factor of a bond. The price of the bond usually does not fall below a decent price return.
Like any other financial investment, you need to make informed choices and for investing in corporate bonds, you need to be well up on what is happening in the market. The great thing about investing in corporate bonds is that the benefits as well as the risks are transparent and easily gauged.
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